Congestive Heart Failure & Angina

Heart Failure, Angina, and Kidney Disease

The interplay between heart failure, angina, and kidney disease is complex and multifaceted, with each condition exacerbating the others. Heart failure can lead to renal dysfunction through mechanisms such as reduced renal perfusion, increased venous pressure, and neurohormonal activation. Conversely, chronic kidney disease (CKD) can worsen heart failure by contributing to volume overload, hypertension, and anemia. The presence of angina in these patients further complicates management, as both renal dysfunction and heart failure limit treatment options.

Management strategies for patients with coexisting heart failure, angina, and kidney disease require a delicate balance between optimizing cardiovascular outcomes and preserving renal function. This often involves careful titration of medications, such as diuretics and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, and close monitoring of renal function. In some cases, advanced therapies such as ultrafiltration or dialysis may be necessary to manage fluid overload and prevent further deterioration.